[JAVA] JNDI(Java Naming and Directory Interface)

Naming and Directory Concepts

• Naming Service
  • 시스템 자원이나 객체, 서비스 등에 이름을 부여하고 그 이름을 통해 대상을 찾게 해주는 서비스
• Directory Service
  • 자원이나 객체 등의 이름뿐 아니라 이들의 속성을 통해서도 대상을 찾게 해주는 서비스
• DNS(Domain Name System), File System, LDAP, ...

 

• Naming service
  
  • names are associates with objects
  • To map user friendly names to objects
  • For examples,
    • DNS : www.examples.com  > 192.0.2.5
    • File system : C:\bin\autoexe.bat > File Reference

• Name
  • To look up object in a naming system
  • naming convention

Naming System	Component Separator	Names
UNIX flie System	"/"	/usr/hello
DNS	"."	sales.Wiz.COM
LDAP	"=", ","	cn=Rosanna Lee, o=Sun, c=US

• Bindings
  • The association of a name with an object is called a binding

 

• Context
  
  • a set of name-to-object bindings
  • a context has a subcontext

• Naming System and Namespace
  • A naming system provides a naming service
  • A namespace is the set of names in a naming system
• Directory Service = Naming Service + objects containing attributes
  • telephone conpany's directory service

• Attribute
  • A directory object can have attributes
    • User : e-mail address, phone number, postal mail address, age, ...
    • mail (attribute Identifier), jaekyung_heo@example.com(attribute value)
• Directory and Directory Service
  • MS Active Directory (Windows Server)
  • Network Information Service (NIS)
  • Oracle Directory Service (based on LDAP)
• Search Service
  • search filter : attribute query, reverse lookup
  • Directory Information Tree (DIT)

 

JNDI Architecture

• JNDI Architecture
  • Java Naming and Directory Interface
  • consists of and API and a Service Provider Interface(SPI)
  • Java application 은 JNDI API를 통해  naming and directory service를 사용할 수 있음
  • Naming system implements the SPI

 

Using JNDI

• Step 1 : Initial Context를 사용할 SPI 선택
• Step 2 : 사용할 Initial Context의 environment 정보 입력
• Step 3 : Creating the Initial Context
• JNDI Environment Properties
  • Properties
    • java.naming.factory.initial (Context.INITIAL_CONTEXT_FACTORY)
    • java.naming.factory.url.pkgs (Context.URL_PKG_PREFIXES)
    • java.naming.provider.url (Context.PROVIDER_URL)
• Configurations
  • jndi.properties file
  • system properties (-D options)
  • applet parameters
  • code

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JNDI Package

• javax.naming
  • Naming services에 접근하기 위한 class와 interface 제공
• javax.naming.directory
  • Naming service에 추가적으로 directory service를 사용하기 위한 class와 interface 제공
• javax.naming.ldap
  • LDAP v3를 접근하기 위한 class와 interface 제공
• javax.naming.event
  • Event notification기능을 사용하기 위한 class와 interface 제공
• javax.naming.spi
  • Naming system 에서 구현
  • Application에서 JNDI API통해 operation을 할 때 정의된 environment에 따라 SPI 결정